Ampyx Cyber Blog

The Intersection of Regulation & Resilience

CIP-014-4 Approved: The New Physical Security Risk Assessment and the 2028 Clock
Policy Pulse Patrick Miller Policy Pulse Patrick Miller

CIP-014-4 Approved: The New Physical Security Risk Assessment and the 2028 Clock

FERC approved Reliability Standard CIP-014-4 on September 10, 2026 in Docket No. RD26-9-000, and the version number understates the change. CIP-014-3 had six requirements. CIP-014-4 has ten, three of them new. The risk assessment now needs a documented methodology, mandatory dynamic simulations, and a neighboring substation in the model. All of it has to be finished by October 1, 2028.

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Funded, Not Secured: The April 20 DPA Determinations & the Bulk Electric System
Policy Pulse Patrick Miller Policy Pulse Patrick Miller

Funded, Not Secured: The April 20 DPA Determinations & the Bulk Electric System

Two April 20 Defense Production Act determinations expand domestic capacity for grid components and large-scale energy infrastructure. Neither addresses cybersecurity. For the electric sector, NERC CIP and Order 693 standards still apply. A practitioner's view of intersections with CIP-013, CIP-014, PRC, FAC, and TPL, and why domestic capacity is not domestic assurance.

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